Renal tubular physiology. Regulated reabsorption, in which hormones control the rate of transport of sodium and water depending on systemic conditions, takes place in the distal tubule and collecting duct. What is tubular secretion? Loop of Henle. Gail Baura, in Medical Device Technologies (Second Edition), 2021. Learning Objectives Understand how fluid flow from the tubular lumen to the peritubular capillaries. Describe the hormonal/physiological factors regulating tubular function at each segment. Roinel N, de Rouffignac C. Effects of antidiuretic hormone on electrolyte reabsorption and secretion in distal tubules of rat kidney. Authors: Advanced Search Include Citations Tables: Neural regulation of renal tubular sodium reabsorption and renin secretion. Question: QUESTION 46 With regard to the hormonal control of tubular reabsorption and secretion, K+ secretion into the tubular fluid of collecting ducts will be expected to _____ following an increase in aldosterone. Hormonal Regulation of Reabsorption and Secretion. Distal part: The permeability of the distal part of the DCT depends on the presence of two hormones. Tubular Reabsorption 7.2.3. The descending limb of the loop of henle is highly permeable to water. Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation. Tubular reabsorption and secretion of weak acids and bases. A more detailed discussion of this mechanism is presented in Chapter 30. Feedback Response Loop 1.2. Suki WN, Rouse D (1981) Hormonal regulation of calcium transport in thick ascending limb renal tubules. This means that urea concentration only drops moderately when the urine concentration falls due to increased reabsorption of water. Hormonal regulation of tubular reabsorption and secretion. increases Na+ and water reabsorption, increases H+ secretion. Production of dilute and concentrated urine a. without proteins. These constituents are secreted into the intestinal lumen in response to dietary fat and they act as detergents to disrupt and disperse the oil droplets. Pflgers Arch 401 (1984) by Elalouf JM Add To MetaCart. Aldosterone. Hormones have specific rates and rhythms of secretion. PTH stimulates 1a especially those whose fetal growth delay was more intense and with a lower adjusting index. However, the kidney remains at risk for ischemia and acute kidney injury. Uric acid and drugs are not filtered. Tubular reabsorption occurs in the PCT part of the renal tubule. Parathyroid hormone stimulates reabsorption. Tools. Proc. Hormonal regulation of bile secretion, primarily by CCK and secretin, occurs by action on the ductules and ducts of the gallbladder. During acidosis, circulating aldosterone levels are increased and the hormone acts in concert with angiotensin II and other factors to stimulate renal acid excretion. It has two effects: It increases the production of a sodium-chloride symporter, which increases reabsorption of sodium and chloride. It is concluded that, in rats: 1) antidiuretic hormone stimulates water, NaCl and Ca absorption and enhances K secretion along the distal tubule and 2) the tubular effects of dDAVP on electrolyte transport in the loop and distal Tubule are responsible 2. The principal cells and the intercalated cells (Type A and B). Angiotensin II, Norepinephrine. Respiratory System 7.4.3. The paracellular pathway pathway : through luminal and basolateral membranes of the tubular cells into the interstitial How specifically does ADH increase water reabsorption? Urine Concentration and Dilution 7.3.3. 6 Thus, the role of renin is to preserve the integrity of the kidney first and that of the organism second. Sorted by Arginine vasopressin causes a reversible increase in net potassium secretion and net sodium absorption. Almost all nutrients are reabsorbed, and this occurs either by passive or active transport. Genetic Control. Tubular reabsorption is the process that moves solutes and water out of the filtrate and back into your bloodstream. It is the absorption of selected materials from the nephric filtrate into the blood of peritubular blood capillaries. 4. This control is exerted directly by ADH and aldosterone, and indirectly by renin. Hormones That Regulate Tubular Reabsorption Last Updated on Fri, 03 Jun 2022 | Medical Physiology Hormone Aldosterone Angiotensin II Antidiuretic hormone Atrial natriuretic peptide Parathyroid hormone Site of Action Collecting tubule and duct Chapter 35 Endocrine Physiology: Calcium & Phosphate Hormonal Regulation Calcitonin binds to calcitonin receptor on basal osteoclast surface G-protein coupled receptor activation adenylate cyclase activation adenosine triphosphate (ATP) converted to 3,5cyclic AMP (cAMP) cAMP levels number of osteocyte arms formed bone resorption Kidneys (1985) by G F DIBONA Venue: Fed. As will be discussed, just such a se-quence has been argued to occur from enhanced para-thyroid hormone (PTH) secretion after volume expan- Feed-Back Mechanism 3. Mechanism for the Regulation of Glomerulus Filtration Rate. Authors: Advanced Search Include Citations Tables: Neural regulation of renal tubular sodium reabsorption and renin secretion. Although a wide variety of hormones function within the body, they share certain general characteristics: 1. It is comprised of the three hormones renin, angiotensin II and aldosterone and regulated primarily by renal blood flow. There are three mechanisms by which endocrine glands are stimulated to synthesize and release hormones: humoral stimuli, hormonal stimuli, and neural stimuli. They are: 1. PTX stimulates and PTH replacement inhibits Na-dependent PO4 transport by renal brush border membrane vesicles. Roinel N, de Rouffignac C. Effects of antidiuretic hormone on electrolyte reabsorption and secretion in distal tubules of rat kidney. The key difference between tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion is that tubular reabsorption involves the removal of some solutes and water from the tubular fluid and their return to the blood, while tubular secretion involves the removal of hydrogen, creatinine, and drugs from the blood and return to the collecting duct.. Urine is a by-product derived from Tubular reabsorption pathways: 1. The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) is a hormone system within the body that is essential for regulation of blood pressure and fluid balance. Where does this regulation occur in the nephron (i.e. Excretion 7.3. Homeostasis, Membranes, Electrophysiology and ANS 1.1. Angiotensin II - when blood volume and increases Na+ and water reabsorption, increases H+ secretion. Tubular Secretion Tubular secretion is the movement of substances from the capillaries which surround the nephron into the filtrate. Three major hormonal mechanisms are involved in regulating urine concentration and volume: the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mech-anism, the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) mechanism, and the atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) mechanism. A hormone is a substance that is secreted from an endocrine gland or gonad and transported through the blood to the site of action. Various portions of the nephron differ in their capacity to reabsorb water and specific solutes. Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin, ADH) What stimuli increase or decrease hormone secretion? The regulation of how much calcium is reabsorbed occurs in the ascending limb of the loop of henle, the distal tubule and collecting ducts. Vascular: constrict efferent > afferent arterioles -> peritubular hydrostatic pressure -> reabsorption This process is known as reabsorption, because this is the second time they have been absorbed; the first time being when they were absorbed into the bloodstream from the digestive tract after a meal. Elimination of Drugs and Hormones. result in part from peptide hormone-mediated activa-tion of cAMP production and a resultant decrease in tubular sodium reabsorption in addition to any physical factor effects. During reabsorption, water and/or solutes move from the renal tubule to the interstitium. Formation of dilute urine b. The observation that calcium secretion occurred at lumen-negative PD te Goldberg M (1973) Effects of parathyroid hormone on renal tubular reabsorption of calcium, sodium, and phosphate. In the blood, the sensitive process of calcium and phosphate homeostasis is maintained primarily by an appropriately functioning parathyroid gland. Other substances, such as urea, K +, ammonia (NH 3 ), creatinine, and some drugs are secreted into the filtrate as waste products. Antidiuretic hormone is peptide hormone - a small protein that cells use to

Drugs that are structurally small can Although a wide variety of hormones function within the body, they share certain general characteristics: 1. PCT 2. Evaluation of kidney function a. Urinalysis b. Tubular reabsorption and secretion in the nephron allow for precise control of body fluid volume and composition. Further reabsorption is controlled by hormones, which will be discussed in a later section. In tubular reabsorption, the proximal convoluted tubule cells process and reabsorb over 80% of the glomerular filtrate, whilst other parts of the nephron ensure homeostasis by controlling excretion amounts of electrolytes, water and hydrogen ions. There seem to be many factors concerned in regulation of secretion of hormones. Secretion. Hormonal Regulation of Urine Production - BIO 461 Principles of Physiology Urinary and Respiratory Systems Physiology of Urine Production Cover Module 1.0. Some of these hormones are discussed in more detail in Chapters 28 and 29, but we briefly review their renal tubular actions in the next few paragraphs. The intercalated cells can also reabsorb potassium ions. While much of the reabsorption and secretion occur passively based on concentration gradients, the amount of water that is reabsorbed or lost is tightly regulated. The hormonal regulation of DNL is complex, with the simultaneous interaction of many hormones acting peripherally and centrally in a time-specific manner. The endocrine glands respond to specific signals by synthesizing and releasing hormones into the circulation. Objectives Define tubular reabsorption and secretion. The transcellular pathway (>>) 2. Peritubular capillary & renal interstitial forces. Pflgers Arch 401 (1984) by Elalouf JM Add To MetaCart. Blood tests c. Renal plasma clearance VIII. Regulation of tubular reabsorption There must be a balance between tubular reapsorption and glomerular filtration. Download PDF for free. Effect of arterial BP on urine output. However, the kidney remains at risk for ischemia and acute kidney injury. Tubule proximal: simple cuboidal cells, highly permeable to water not to solute Thick ascending loop of henle: cuboidal cell. Aldosterone acts on the collecting tubule and duct cells to increase Na+ reabsorption and H+ and K+ secretion. Summary of Tubular reabsorption and secretion Glomerular filtration produces ultrafiltrate of plasma, i.e. It is concluded that, in rats: 1) antidiuretic hormone stimulates water, NaCl and Ca absorption and enhances K secretion along the distal tubule and 2) the tubular effects of dDAVP on electrolyte transport in the loop and distal Tubule are responsible for decreasing Mg and Ca urinary excretion. It occurs at a site other than the filtration membrane (in the proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts) by active transport. Reabsorption and Secretion in the PCT. Table 273 summarizes some of the most impor-tant hormones for regulating tubular reabsorption, their principal sites of action on the renal tubule, and their effects on solute and water excretion. 20. Five hormones control the absorption of water, and sodium, chloride, and calcium ions: angiotensin II, aldosterone, antidiuretic hormone, atrial natriuretic peptide, and parathyroid hormone. Homeostatic Control Systems 1.1.3. Parathyroid hormone stimulates reabsorption. Substances, generally produced by body or the by-products of cell metabolism that can become toxic in high concentration, and some drugs (if taken). Some substances are reabsorbed almost entirely and returned to circulation while others are secreted to remove substances from the peritubular capillary blood. 1995). Tubular reabsorption - definition. Hormonal regulation of metamorphosis in Drosophila is similar to that described for Distal tubular reabsorption of filtered calcium is also increased by PTH. Angiotensin II, Norepinephrine. Central nervous system-mediated regulation of the latter modulates renin secretion. A hormone is a substance that is secreted from an endocrine gland or gonad and transported through the blood to the site of action. Hormones have specific rates and rhythms of secretion. Download PDF for free. Hormones control tubular reabsorption to regulate body fluid volumes and solute concentrations. Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion . PTX stimulates and PTH replacement inhibits Na-dependent PO4 transport by renal brush border membrane vesicles. It is the absorption of selected materials from the nephric filtrate into the blood of peritubular blood capillaries.

CiteSeerX - Scientific documents that cite the following paper: Neural regulation of renal tubular sodium reabsorption and renin secretion. Parathyroidectomy (PTX) stimulates PO4 reabsorption, and PTH replacement decreases reabsorption and stimulates secretion, apparently in proximal tubules of RT nephrons. The parathyroid hormone ( PTH) is secreted by the parathyroid gland, four small glands located on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland. Aldosterone acts on so-called principal cells. Term. CiteSeerX - Scientific documents that cite the following paper: Neural regulation of renal tubular sodium reabsorption and renin secretion. Reabsorption and Secretion. Acidbase balance is maintained through actions of the lungs and kidneys: The lungs rid the body of H +, whereas the kidneys secrete or reabsorb H + and HCO 3 (Table 17.6.2). Antidiuretic hormone and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis In late 1980 's Seiji Ogawa discovered the blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) contrast (Menon, Ogawa et al. Even after filtration has occured, the tubules continue to Table 8-11 presents the major components of human bile.

Definition. They are excreted by secretion into the system of tubes at the proximal convoluted tubule. Tubular reabsorption & secretion Lecture-6 Introduction Of the 180 L glomerular filtrate formed per day, about 1.5 L (less than 1%) per day is excreted as urine. Aldosterone acts on the Reabsorption and secretion in the late distal convoluted tubule f. Homeostatic regulation of tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion-Antidiuretic hormone-Atrial natriuretic-Parathyroid hormone VI. Hormonal Regulation of Osmoregulation in Mammals. Tubular Secretion. Blood that is about to be filtered enters a glomerulus, which is a tuft of blood capillaries (the smallest of blood vessels). Reabsorption. From this point to the ends of the collecting ducts, the filtrate or forming urine is undergoing modification through secretion and reabsorption before true urine is produced. increases Na+ reabsorption, increases K+ secretion. Acts in principal cells of late distal tubule and collecting duct. Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion . Acts in principal cells of late distal tubule and collecting duct. Each nephron in your kidneys has a microscopic filter, called a glomerulus that is constantly filtering your blood. The hydrogen ions are then secreted into the tubular lumen, and for each hydrogen ion secreted, a bicarbonate ion becomes available for reabsorption across the basolateral membrane. The kidneys have several important homeostatic functions. Homeostatic regulation of tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion - Antidiuretic hormone - Atrial natriuretic - Parathyroid hormone VI. Secretion 7.2.4. Term. Tubular secretion can be either active or passive or co-transport. Tubular reabsorption and secretion 4,169 views Summary of Tubular reabsorption and secretion Glomerular filtration produces ultrafiltrate of plasma, i.e. Definition. Loop of Henle Parathyroid hormone = Increase Ca++ reabsorption and decrease PO4 reabsorption. ACID/BASE BALANCE 7.4.1. Production of dilute and concentrated urine a. Renal Clearance 7.3.2. This means that urea concentration only drops moderately when the urine concentration falls due to increased reabsorption of water. Proc.

Assessing the impact of individual hormones using cell culture systems is without doubt an over simplification, and the in vivo situation is more complex. Calcium. Definition. Hormonal Control of Tubular Reabsorption. Aldosterone, secreted by the zona glomerulosa cells of the adrenal cortex, is an important regulator of sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion by the renal tubules. The primary site of aldosterone action is on the principal cells of the cortical collecting tubule. Tools. How specifically does aldosterone increase sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion? Term. It converts angiotensin into Angiotensin I. Identify the role of each tubular segment in glomerular filtrate modification and the types of substances being transported through each. MODULE 8: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 8.1. In subsequent, we discuss the reabsorption and secretion of other specific substances in different parts of the tubular system. Water-soluble drugs may be excreted in the urine and are influenced by one or all of the following processes: glomerular filtration, tubular secretion, or tubular reabsorption. Undesirable products like metabolic wastes, urea, uric acid, and certain drugs, are excreted by tubular secretion. Describe how each of the following works to regulate reabsorption and secretion, so as to affect urine volume and composition: reninangiotensin system, aldosterone, antidiuretic hormone, and natriuretic peptides; Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor that plays an immediate role in the regulation of blood pressure. Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation. Mechanism for the Regulation of Glomerulus Filtration Rate. Hydrogen ions, uric acid and drugs are secreted from the blood into the proximal convoluted tubule. Some substances are reabsorbed almost entirely and returned to circulation while others are secreted to remove substances from the peritubular capillary blood. This is controlled by local , nervous & hormonal mechanisms. The renal corpuscle filters the blood to create a filtrate that differs from blood mainly in the absence of cells and large proteins. Formation of concentrated urine VII. Definition. Other substances, such as urea, K +, ammonia (NH 3 ), creatinine, and some drugs are secreted into the filtrate as waste products. The action of aldosterone has been described as priming the sodium reabsorption pump; it is the adrenal hormone most important to tubular function. Know how the reabsorption of H2O, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+, glucose, and amino acids are coupled to the active transport of Na+. Aldosterone. This article shall discuss the system, how it is regulated and clinically relevant conditions to its It is stimulated by a reduction in renal perfusion pressure, an increase in renal sympathetic activity or hyponatremia, as detected within the kidney. Some of these hormones are discussed in more detail, but we briefly review their renal tubular actions in the next few paragraphs. what cells are involved)? Regulation of urine formation and excretion 2. Peripheral Nervous Control 4. This is controlled by local , nervous & hormonal mechanisms. Proximal convoluted tubule. acts primarily in the proximal tubule. Calcium. Osmoregulation refers to the regulation of body fluid solute concentrations. This specific type of hormone regulation occurs in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus, which controls our circadian clock. The renal corpuscle filters the blood to create a filtrate that differs from blood mainly in the absence of cells and large proteins. The hormone is regulated by the calcium and phosphate levels in the blood and acts primarily on the bone and kidneys to increase circulating levels of calcium. Both net tubular reabsorption and net tubular secretion of PO4 occur. Hormonal regulation of tubular reabsorption and secretion Angiotensin II - when blood volume and blood pressure decrease Decreases GFR, enhances reabsorption of Na+, Cl-and water in PCT Aldosterone - when blood volume and blood pressure decrease Stimulates principal cells in collecting duct to reabsorb more Aldosterone influences electrolyte metabolism by facilitating the reabsorption of sodium ions at the distal tubules, also at the expense of hydrogen and potassium excretion. Sorted by Arginine vasopressin causes a reversible increase in net potassium secretion and net sodium absorption. Calcium homeostasis is achieved via hormonal regulation with parathyroid hormone (PTH), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH) 2 D 3), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and ionized calcium itself. Factor # 1. 3. Excretion of wastes occurs due to lack of reabsorption combined with tubular secretion. Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin, ADH) Among these are regulating body fluid balance and blood volume/pressure. Homeostasis 1.1.1.

Na+ and Cl- This is secreted when Ca levels are low Parathyroid hormone This stimulates cells in the distal convoluted tubule to reabsorb more Ca2+ Parathyroid hormone This increases water permeability of cells by inserting aquaporin-2 in the last part of DCT and collecting duct ADH This is released when there is a large increase in blood volume Formation of dilute urine b. The principal cells are the site for potassium secretion and sodium reabsorption. The intercalated cells are essentially opposites of each other. Buffers 7.4.2. Both net tubular reabsorption and net tubular secretion of PO4 occur. Parathyroidectomy (PTX) stimulates PO4 reabsorption, and PTH replacement decreases reabsorption and stimulates secretion, apparently in proximal tubules of RT nephrons. Videos Notes Figure 18.14. Through tubular reabsorption, the following are reabsorbed back into the blood stream: Sodium PHYSIOLOGY OF URINE PRODUCTION 7.3.1. In order to regulate the production and secretion of hormones cyclically, the suprachiasmatic nucleus uses information from different sources, such as the light-dark cycle and the bodys sleep-wake cycle. Tubular Secretion, Regulation of Urine Concentration and Volume David and Essie. You may recall this. Reabsorption and Secretion in the PCT. The parathyroid gland is comprised of 4 small glands located posteriorly to the thyroid in the middle aspect of the anterior neck. Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion. Calcium reabsorption is activated by parathyroid hormone (PTH). Aldosterone is classically associated with the regulation of salt and potassium homeostasis but has also profound effects on acid-base balance. Tubular reabsorption - definition. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is one of three key hormones modulating calcium and phosphate homeostasis; the other two are calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D) and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) [ 1 ]. Formation of concentrated urine VII. First, start a table, and denote that: Reabsorption removes solutes and water from the tubular fluid and returns them to the blood; It reclaims much of the water, ions, and nearly all of the nutrients that are filtered.

The hormones of the anterior pituitary gland are secreted in response to releasing hormones (also called releasing factors) secreted by the hypothalamus. Hormones control tubular reabsorption to regulate body fluid volumes and solute concentrations. Some key regulatory hormones for reabsorption include: aldosterone, which stimulates active sodium reabsorption (and water as a result) antidiuretic hormone, which stimulates passive water reabsorption

increase remain unchanged decrease 2 points Renin is a renal hormone. The present review focuses on the interactive, homeostatic operation of TBS, MABP, GTB, TGF and the RAAS. Hormonal Regulation of Urine Production 7.4. The regulation of how much calcium is reabsorbed occurs in the ascending limb of the loop of henle, the distal tubule and collecting ducts. Tubular secretion occurs simultaneously during reabsorption of filtrate. acts primarily in the proximal tubule. (1985) by G F DIBONA Venue: Fed. Regulation of sodium balance involves neurohumoral control of tubular sodium reabsorption, including proximal reabsorption. Regulation of reabsorption & secretion 1. Am J Physiol 224:11431148. Hormones. Tubular secretion occurs at PCT and DCT; for example, at proximal convoluted tubule, potassium is secreted by means of sodium-potassium pump, hydrogen ion is secreted by means of active transport and co-transport, i.e. antiporter, and ammonia diffuses into renal tubule. Kidney blood flow and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) are maintained relatively constant by hormonal influences and by efficient autoregulation. The endocrine glands respond to specific signals by synthesizing and releasing hormones into the circulation. increases secretion of K+ and reabsorption of Na+, Cl-; increases reabsorption of water, which increases blood volume anitdiuretic hormone (ADH) increased osmolarity of extracellular fluid or decreased blood volume promotes release of this hormone from the posterior pituitary gland Homeostasis Defined 1.1.2. Parathyroid Hormone Secretion and Action: Evidence for Discrete Receptors for the Carboxyl-Terminal Region and Related Biological Actions of Carboxyl-Terminal Ligands Chapter 19 Luminal Sodium Phosphate Cotransport as the Site of Regulation for Tubular Phosphate Reabsorption: Studies with Isolated Membrane Vesicles. Table 27-3 summarizes some of the most important hormones for regulating tubular reabsorption, their principal sites of action on the renal tubule, and their effects on solute and water excretion. Hormonal Mechanisms. It is the process in which certain substances move from the plasma of blood in the peritubular capillary into the fluid of the renal tubule The amount of a particular chemical excreted in the urine may exceed the amount filtered from the plasma in the Secretion of substances IV. Type A is responsible for secretion of H+ and absorption of K+ and HCO3-. The effects of (1-desamino-8-d-arginine) vasopressin (dDAVP) on water and

increases Na+ reabsorption, increases K+ secretion. These all are secreted into the lumen of renal tubule. Describe hormonal regulation of tubular reabsorption and secretion. Acidbase balance is maintained through actions of the lungs and kidneys: The lungs rid the body of H +, whereas the kidneys secrete or reabsorb H + and HCO 3 (Table 17.6.2). Parathyroid Hormone Secretion and Action: Evidence for Discrete Receptors for the Carboxyl-Terminal Region and Related Biological Actions of Carboxyl-Terminal Ligands Chapter 19 Luminal Sodium Phosphate Cotransport as the Site of Regulation for Tubular Phosphate Reabsorption: Studies with Isolated Membrane Vesicles. The anterior pituitary stimulates the thyroid gland to release thyroid hormones T3 and T4. Reabsorption of water and some key electrolytes are regulated and can be influenced by hormones. Glomerulotubular balance 2. Intercalated cells; secretion of hydrogen ion for acid / base balancing. Tubular secretion occurs simultaneously during reabsorption of filtrate. Substances, generally produced by body or the by-products of cell metabolism that can become toxic in high concentration, and some drugs (if taken). These all are secreted into the lumen of renal tubule. Tubular secretion can be either active or passive or co-transport. without proteins. The secretion of many other hormones is regulated in a similar way. Tubular reabsorption & secretion 1. Regulation of water and electrolyte balances. Thus, these cells are the target for potassium sparing diuretics. Acid Base Disturbances 8.0. Each mechanism is activated by different stimuli, but they work together to achieve homeostasis. Term. From this point to the ends of the collecting ducts, the filtrate or forming urine is undergoing modification through secretion and reabsorption before true urine is produced. Influence of Higher Centres 2. The parathyroid gland secretes parathyroid hormone (PTH), a polypeptide, in response to Kidneys 7.4.4. Abstract. The body uses 3 different hormones to regulate the loss of fluid; antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide.